Sertraline

La sertraline est un inhibiteur sélectif de la recapture de la sérotonine.

Indications : Épisodes dépressifs majeurs, trouble obsessionnel compulsif, trouble panique, la phobie sociale, trouble de stress post-traumatique

Posologie : 50 à 200 mg/jour

Effets indésirables :

  • Somnolence
  • Insomnie
  • Nervosité
  • Maux de tête
  • Cauchemars
  • Diminution de l’appétit
  • Nausées, vomissement
  • Sécheresse buccale
  • Transpiration excessive
  • Syndrome de sevrage à l’arrêt
  • Troubles sexuels, diminution de la libido et troubles de l’orgasme, trouble de l’érection et de l’éjaculation

Pharmacocinétique :

  • Lente absorption (Tmax de 4 – 8 h)
  • Demi-vie d’élimination 22 – 36 h
  • Soumis à un métabolisme de premier passage important
  • Déméthylation par CYP2D6, 2C9, 2B6, 2C19 et 3A4
  • Inhibe le CYP2D6

A lire :
Mandrioli R, Mercolini L, Raggi MA. Evaluation of the pharmacokinetics, safety and clinical efficacy of sertraline used to treat social anxiety. Expert Opin Drug Metab Toxicol. 2013;9(11):1495-505

En addictologie Jan 2022 :

Addiction à l’alcool

  • Résultats mixtes (Niveau d’évidences Ib) 1–6 7–11

Addiction au jeu d’hasard

  • Sértraline non efficace (Niveau d’évidences IIb) 12

Addiction à la cocaine

  • Résultats mixtes (Niveau d’évidences IIb) 13, 14

Addiction aux amphétamines

  • Pas d’efficacité (Niveau d’évidences Ib) 15, 16

Comorbidité dépression et addiction à l’alcool

  • Réduction des symptômes dépressifs (Niveau d’évidences Ib) 17–19 et résultat mixtes concernant la consommation d’alcool (Niveau d’évidences Ib) 17, 19–21

Comorbidité dépression et addiction aux opiacés

  • Combinaison sertraline / naltrexone diminue les symptomes dépressifs et le craving (Niveau d’évidences IIb) 22
  • Pas d’effet chez de patients sous méthadone (Niveau d’évidences IIb) 23

Comorbidité dépression et addiction au tabac

  • Pas de réduction de la fumée (Niveau d’évidences IIb) 24

Comorbidité dépression et addiction à la cocaïne

  • Réduction de la consommation de cocaïne et des symptômes dépressifs (Niveau d’évidences IIb) 25, 26

Comorbidité PTSD et addiction à l’alcool

  • Combinaison avec TCC : amélioration des symptômes du PTSD (Niveau d’évidences Ib) 27–29, résultats mixtes concernant la consommation d’alcool (Niveau d’évidences Ib) 27, 28

Comorbidité trouble Borderline et addiction aux opiacés

  • Réduction des symptômes chez des patients sous traitement assisté par méthadone (Niveau d’évidences IIIb) 30

Désaccoutumance du tabac

  • Combinaison bupropion / sertraline efficace (Niveau d’évidences IIb) 31

Taux plasmatiques de méthadone

  • La sertraline augmente les taux plasmatiques de la méthadone par environ 25% (Niveau d’évidences IIb) 32

RÉFÉRENCES

1.         Kenna GA, Zywiak WH, McGeary JE et al. A within-group design of nontreatment seeking 5-HTTLPR genotyped alcohol-dependent subjects receiving ondansetron and sertraline. Alcohol Clin Exp Res. 2009;33:315-323.

2.         Farren CK, Scimeca M, Wu R, Malley SO. A double-blind, placebo-controlled study of sertraline with naltrexone for alcohol dependence. Drug Alcohol Depend. 2009;99:317-321.

3.         Pettinati HM, Volpicelli JR, Luck G, Kranzler HR, Rukstalis MR, Cnaan A. Double-blind clinical trial of sertraline treatment for alcohol dependence. J Clin Psychopharmacol. 2001;21:143-153.

4.         Pettinati HM, Dundon W, Lipkin C. Gender differences in response to sertraline pharmacotherapy in Type A alcohol dependence. Am J Addict. 2004;13:236-247.

5.         O’Malley SS, Robin RW, Levenson AL et al. Naltrexone alone and with sertraline for the treatment of alcohol dependence in Alaska natives and non-natives residing in rural settings: a randomized controlled trial. Alcohol Clin Exp Res. 2008;32:1271-1283.

6.         Kranzler HR, Armeli S, Tennen H et al. A double-blind, randomized trial of sertraline for alcohol dependence: moderation by age of onset [corrected] and 5-hydroxytryptamine transporter-linked promoter region genotype. J Clin Psychopharmacol. 2011;31:22-30.

7.         Kranzler HR, Armeli S, Tennen H, Covault J. 5-HTTLPR genotype and daily negative mood moderate the effects of sertraline on drinking intensity. Addict Biol. 2013;18:1024-1031.

8.         Kranzler HR, Feinn R, Armeli S, Tennen H. Comparison of alcoholism subtypes as moderators of the response to sertraline treatment. Alcohol Clin Exp Res. 2012;36:509-516.

9.         Kenna GA, Zywiak WH, Swift RM et al. Ondansetron and sertraline may interact with 5-HTTLPR and DRD4 polymorphisms to reduce drinking in non-treatment seeking alcohol-dependent women: exploratory findings. Alcohol. 2014;48:515-522.

10.      Kranzler HR, Armeli S, Tennen H. Post-treatment outcomes in a double-blind, randomized trial of sertraline for alcohol dependence. Alcohol Clin Exp Res. 2012;36:739-744.

11.      Pettinati HM, Volpicelli JR, Kranzler HR, Luck G, Rukstalis MR, Cnaan A. Sertraline treatment for alcohol dependence: interactive effects of medication and alcoholic subtype. Alcohol Clin Exp Res. 2000;24:1041-1049.

12.      Saiz-Ruiz J, Blanco C, Ibanez A et al. Sertraline Treatment of Pathological Gambling: A Pilot Study. J ClinPsychiatry. 2005;66:28 – 33.

13.      Winhusen TM, Somoza EC, Harrer JM et al. A placebo-controlled screening trial of tiagabine, sertraline and donepezil as cocaine dependence treatments. Addiction. 2005;100:68-77.

14.      Bashiri M, Mancino MJ, Stanick VA, Thostenson J, Kosten TR, Oliveto AH. Moderators of response to sertraline versus placebo among recently abstinent, cocaine dependent patients: A retrospective analysis of two clinical trials. Am J Addict. 2017;26:807-814.

15.      Zorick T, Sugar CA, Hellemann G, Shoptaw S, London ED. Poor response to sertraline in methamphetamine dependence is associated with sustained craving for methamphetamine. Drug Alcohol Depend. 2011;118:500-503.

16.      Shoptaw S, Huber A, Peck J et al. Randomized, placebo-controlled trial of sertraline and contingency management for the treatment of methamphetamine dependence. Drug Alcohol Depend. 2006;85:12-18.

17.      Pettinati HM, Oslin DW, Kampman KM et al. A double-blind, placebo-controlled trial combining sertraline and naltrexone for treating co-occurring depression and alcohol dependence. Am J Psychiatry. 2010;167:668-675.

18.      Roy A. Placebo-controlled study of sertraline in depressed recently abstinent alcoholics. BiolPsychiatry. 1998;44:633 – 637.

19.      Moak DHM, Anton RFM, Latham PKR, Voronin KEMDP, Waid RLP, Durazo-Arvizu RP. Sertraline and Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Depressed Alcoholics: Results of A Placebo-Controlled Trial. Journal of Clinical Psychopharmacology. 2003;23:553 – 562.

20.      Gual A, Balcells M, Torres M, Madrigal M, Diez T, Serrano L. Sertraline for the prevention of relapse in detoxicated alcohol dependent patients with a comorbid depressive disorder: a randomized controlled trial. Alcohol Alcohol. 2003;38:619-625.

21.      Kranzler HR, Mueller T, Cornelius J et al. Sertraline treatment of co-occurring alcohol dependence and major depression. J Clin Psychopharmacol. 2006;26:13-20.

22.      Farren CK, O’Malley S. A pilot double blind placebo controlled trial of sertraline with naltrexone in the treatment of opiate dependence. Am J Addict. 2002;11:228-234.

23.      Carpenter KM, Brooks AC, Vosburg SK, Nunes EV. The effect of sertraline and environmental context on treating depression and illicit substance use among methadone maintained opiate dependent patients: a controlled clinical trial. Drug Alcohol Depend. 2004;74:123-134.

24.      Covey LS, Glassman AH, Stetner F, Rivelli S, Stage K. A Randomized Trial of Sertraline as a Cessation Aid for Smokers With a History of Major Depression. American Journal of Psychiatry. 2002;159:1731 – 1737.

25.      Mancino MJ, McGaugh J, Chopra MP et al. Clinical efficacy of sertraline alone and augmented with gabapentin in recently abstinent cocaine-dependent patients with depressive symptoms. J Clin Psychopharmacol. 2014;34:234-239.

26.      Oliveto A, Poling J, Mancino MJ et al. Sertraline delays relapse in recently abstinent cocaine-dependent patients with depressive symptoms. Addiction. 2012;107:131-141.

27.      Hien DA, Levin FR, Ruglass LM et al. Combining seeking safety with sertraline for PTSD and alcohol use disorders: A randomized controlled trial. J Consult Clin Psychol. 2015;83:359-369.

28.      Brady KT, Sonne S, Anton RF, Randall CL, Back SE, Simpson K. Sertraline in the treatment of co-occurring alcohol dependence and posttraumatic stress disorder. Alcohol Clin Exp Res. 2005;29:395-401.

29.      Brady KT, Sonne SC, Roberts JM. Sertraline treatment of comorbid posttraumatic stress disorder and alcohol dependence. J Clin Psychiatry. 1995;56:502-505.

30.      Jariani M, Saaki M, Nazari H, Birjandi M. The effect of Olanzapine and Sertraline on personality disorder in patients with methadone maintenance therapy. Psychiatr Danub. 2010;22:544-547.

31.      Carrão JL, Moreira LB, Fuchs FD. The efficacy of the combination of sertraline with buspirone for smoking cessation. A randomized clinical trial in nondepressed smokers. Eur Arch Psychiatry Clin Neurosci. 2007;257:383-388.

32.      Hamilton SP, Nunes EV, Janal M, Weber L. The effect of sertraline on methadone plasma levels in methadone-maintenance patients. Am J Addict. 2000;9:63 – 69.

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